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To cut through some of the confusion surrounding bitcoin, we need to divide it into two components. On the one hand, you've got bitcoin-the-token, a snippet of code that represents ownership of an electronic concept sort of like a virtual IOU. On the other hand, you've got bitcoin-the-protocol, a dispersed network which maintains a ledger of balances of bitcoin-the-token.
The system enables payments to be sent between users without passing through a central authority, like a bank or payment gateway. It is created and held electronically. Bitcoins arent printed, like dollars or euros theyre made by computers all around the world, using free software.
It was the first instance of what we call cryptocurrencies, a growing asset class that shares several characteristics of traditional currencies, together with verification based on cryptography.
A pseudonymous software developer going by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto suggested bitcoin in 2008, within an electronic payment system based on mathematical evidence. The idea was to generate a means of exchange, independent of any central authority, which could be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable way.
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Bitcoin can be utilized to pay for things electronically, if the two parties are willing. In that sense, its like conventional dollars, euros, or yen, that are also traded digitally.
Bitcoins most important characteristic is it is decentralized. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. It is maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run by an open network of committed servers spread around the world. This attracts individuals and groups that are uncomfortable with the control that banks or government institutions have over their money. .
Bitcoin solves the double spending issue of electronic currencies (in which digital assets can easily be replicated and re-used) via an ingenious combination of cryptography and economic incentives. In electronic fiat currencies, this function is fulfilled by banks, which gives them control over the traditional system. Together with bitcoin, the integrity of these transactions is maintained by a distributed and open network, owned by no-one. .
Fiat currencies (dollars, euros, yen, etc.) have an unlimited supply central banks can issue as many as they want, and can try to manipulate a currencys value relative to other people. Holders of the currency (and notably citizens with little alternative) bear the cost.
While senders of traditional electronic payments are usually identified (for verification purposes, and to comply with anti-money laundering and other legislation), users of bitcoin in theory operate in semi-anonymity. Since there's absolutely no central validator, users do not need to identify themselves when sending bitcoin to another user. When a transaction request is submitted, the protocol checks all prior transactions to confirm that the sender has the necessary bitcoin as well as the authority to send them.
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In practice, every user is identified with the address of their pocket. Transactions can, with some effort, be tracked this way. Also, law enforcement has developed approaches to identify consumers if necessary.
Furthermore, most exchanges are required by legislation to perform identity checks on their clients before they're allowed to purchase or sell bitcoin, facilitating another manner that bitcoin utilization can be monitored. Since the network is transparent, the advancement of a specific transaction is visible to all.
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This is because there's no central adjudicator that can say ok, return the money. If a transaction is listed on the network, and if greater than an hour has passed, it is not possible to change.
Even though this might disquiet some, it does mean that any transaction on the bitcoin network cannot be tampered with.
The smallest unit of a bitcoin is called a satoshi. It is one hundred millionth of a bitcoin (0.00000001) at todays prices, roughly one hundredth of a cent. This may conceivably enable microtransactions that traditional electronic money cannot.
Read more to find out how bitcoin transactions are processed and the way bitcoins are mined, what it can be used for, as well as how you can buy, sell and save your bitcoin. In addition, we explain a few alternatives to bitcoin, in addition to how its underlying technology the blockchain works. .
If you want to know what is Bitcoin, the way you can get it and how it can assist you, without floundering into technical home details, this manual is for you. It'll explain how the system works, how you can use it to your profit, which scams to avoid. It will also guide you to sources that will enable you to shop and use your first pieces of digital currency.